1 Samuel 17:22

Authorized King James Version

And David left his carriage in the hand of the keeper of the carriage, and ran into the army, and came and saluted his brethren.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּטֹּשׁ֩
left
properly, to pound, i.e., smite; by implication (as if beating out, and thus expanding) to disperse; also, to thrust off, down, out or upon (inclusive
#2
דָּוִ֨ד
And David
david, the youngest son of jesse
#3
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#4
הַכֵּלִ֔ים
his carriage
something prepared, i.e., any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon)
#5
מֵֽעָלָ֗יו
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#6
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#7
יַד֙
in the hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#8
שׁוֹמֵ֣ר
of the keeper
properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc
#9
הַכֵּלִ֔ים
his carriage
something prepared, i.e., any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon)
#10
וַיָּ֖רָץ
and ran
to run (for whatever reason, especially to rush)
#11
הַמַּֽעֲרָכָ֑ה
into the army
an arrangement; concretely, a pile; specifically a military array
#12
וַיָּבֹ֕א
and came
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#13
וַיִּשְׁאַ֥ל
and saluted
to inquire; by implication, to request; by extension, to demand
#14
לְאֶחָ֖יו
his brethren
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])
#15
לְשָׁלֽוֹם׃
safe, i.e., (figuratively) well, happy, friendly; also (abstractly) welfare, i.e., health, prosperity, peace

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to 1 Samuel. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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